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What is a Test Tube Rack? A test tube rack is a laboratory tool used to hold, organize, and store test tubes safely during experiments. It prevents test tubes from tipping over and spilling their contents. Test tube racks come in different materials, including plastic, wood, and metal. Types of Test Tube Racks Test tube … Read more

What is Test Tube? A test tube is a small, cylindrical glass or plastic container with a rounded bottom and an open top. They come in different sizes, but most are 10 to 20 cm long and 1 to 2 cm wide—just the right size for holding small amounts of substances in the lab! Important … Read more

The oxidation number (or oxidation state) is used to describe the positive or negative nature of an atom. When an atom loses electrons, it acquires a positive oxidation number. Conversely, when an atom gains electrons, it acquires a negative oxidation number. From time to time, you may be required to calculate the oxidation number of … Read more

When you look at the number of neutrons of elements in the periodic table, you will quickly notice that there are elements that have the same number of neutrons but different atomic numbers. These elements are called isotones. There are several factors that explain why isotones share the same neutron count despite being different elements: … Read more

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev, a Russian chemist and inventor, is best known for his revolutionary contribution to the periodic table of elements. His work laid the foundation for modern chemistry and significantly influenced how scientists understand the relationships between elements. Mendeleev’s periodic table not only provided a systematic arrangement of known elements but also predicted the … Read more

Mass Number The mass number of an atom indicates how heavy it is. Since protons and neutrons make up most of an atom’s mass, their total number determines its overall mass. The mass of electrons is negligible in comparison and is usually ignored. Thus, the mass number of an atom is the sum of its … Read more

Volumetric flasks are essential laboratory glassware designed for precise measurement and preparation of liquid solutions. Recognizable by their pear-shaped body and long, narrow neck, these flasks are calibrated to hold a specific volume with a high degree of accuracy. They are commonly used in analytical chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and research laboratories for tasks such as preparing … Read more