In the previous section, we’ve learnt that a compound is a pure substance that is made up of two or more elements chemically combined. We also learnt in previous sections that that matter exists as pure substances and mixtures. So, what is the difference between a mixture and a compound? Well, the difference between a mixture … Read more
Key Takeaways: In our past posts on matter, we learnt that matter exists as pure substances and mixtures. The pure substances can further be classified into elements and compounds. The elements comprise over 100 pure substances that are unique because they cannot be further broken down into simpler substances. All other pure substances (numbering in … Read more
Most substances undergo changes when subjected to different conditions such as heat, cold, pressure, electric current, or contact with other substances. These changes can be categorized into two main groups: physical changes and chemical changes. As a chemist, it is essential to know whether a substance undergoes a physical or chemical change for the following … Read more
After learning about different techniques that we can use to separate mixtures into their components, it is necessary to understand how to determine whether the components or a substance we are interested in are pure or impure. The best way to do this is by analyzing one or more of its properties. These properties include … Read more
Generally, separation by centrifugation is applied in separating mixtures based on differences in density. The process involves spinning a mixture at high speeds in a centrifuge, a machine that rotates rapidly around a central axis. As the mixture spins, centrifugal force is applied, causing the components of the mixture to separate. The denser components move … Read more
Magnetic separation is used to separate solid mixtures containing magnetic and non-magnetic components. The separation technique relies on the magnetic properties of certain materials, which allows them to be attracted to magnets. In a magnetic separation process, a mixture containing magnetic and non-magnetic materials is brought closer to a magnetic or a magnetic field. The … Read more
Chromatography is another separation method that can be used to separate two or more solid components of a solution based on their different rates of movement over an absorbent material. It was originally used to separate colored pigments from plants hence the term chromatography, which is derived from the Greek word “chromos” meaning color. Today, … Read more